Older rental properties often charm with their vintage appeal and affordability — but they can hide serious health hazards. For landlords, these hidden dangers go beyond structural maintenance. Ensuring a safe living space is both a legal responsibility and a commitment to tenant well-being. Recognizing and addressing health risks in aging rentals isn’t just good practice — it’s essential for protecting your investment and reputation.
Lead-Based Paint: A Persistent Risk in Pre-1978 Homes
Many homes built before 1978 contain lead-based paint, which poses serious risks, especially for children. Exposure to lead dust or deteriorating paint can lead to developmental delays, behavioral issues, and long-term health complications. The CDC estimates that 29 million U.S. homes still contain lead hazards — and millions of those house young children.
How Landlords Should Act
- Inspect properties for lead-based paint, especially if built before 1978.
- Hire certified professionals for testing and remediation when lead is present.
- Disclose any known lead hazards to tenants during lease signing — this is a legal requirement.
- Repaint using non-toxic alternatives and seal any chipping or peeling surfaces.
Failing to address lead exposure not only harms tenants but opens landlords up to lawsuits and penalties.
Asbestos: The Hidden Threat in Construction Materials
Asbestos was once widely used in insulation, flooring, and ceiling tiles. While safe when undisturbed, it becomes deadly when released into the air during renovations or deterioration. Long-term exposure can lead to diseases like mesothelioma or asbestosis.
In March 2024, the EPA fully banned chrysotile asbestos — the last type still in legal use. This move underscores the ongoing danger of asbestos in older buildings.
Landlord Responsibilities
- Have older properties assessed for asbestos by licensed inspectors.
- Do not attempt removal yourself — hire certified abatement contractors.
- Avoid disturbing materials unless absolutely necessary for repairs or upgrades.
Undetected or ignored asbestos can become a legal nightmare. Many asbestos-related lawsuits involve manufacturers, but landlords who ignore known risks can also be held accountable.
Legal Precedents: Asbestos Lawsuits on the Rise
Asbestos litigation is widespread, with companies being sued for failing to disclose health hazards. TorHoerman Law notes that lawsuits target manufacturers and employers who exposed people to asbestos. Plaintiffs often seek compensation for medical costs and emotional suffering.
In one case, a Boston jury awarded $39 million to a man who developed mesothelioma from talc-based products contaminated with asbestos — an example of how far-reaching these claims can be.
Mold and Moisture: Silent Invaders
Old homes are especially vulnerable to mold due to outdated plumbing and ventilation. Mold spores cause allergies, respiratory issues, and long-term health complications. Data from RubyHome shows that nearly 47% of U.S. homes are affected by mold, costing billions in healthcare and lowering home values significantly.
Steps to Prevent Mold
- Inspect regularly for leaks, musty odors, and water stains.
- Fix leaks promptly — from roofs to plumbing systems.
- Install dehumidifiers or increase ventilation where necessary.
- Use mold-resistant materials during renovations.
For existing mold, certified remediation is required. DIY cleanup often doesn’t solve the root issue and may violate health codes.
Air Quality and Ventilation in Older Homes
Stale air in enclosed environments can trap pollutants, allergens, and even carbon monoxide. Poor ventilation affects comfort and poses serious health concerns, especially for tenants with asthma or allergies.
Improving Indoor Air Quality
- Install and maintain exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms.
- Service HVAC systems regularly to ensure optimal function.
- Encourage natural ventilation by ensuring windows are operable.
- Inspect chimneys and air ducts to prevent blockages.
Air purifiers and carbon monoxide detectors also add an extra layer of protection and peace of mind.
FAQs
What maintenance steps reduce lead exposure risks?
Repainting with non-toxic materials, sealing cracks, and maintaining surfaces reduce lead dust. Always use proper cleaning methods to avoid spreading contamination.
How do I handle asbestos if it’s undisturbed?
Leave it alone unless damaged. Have it monitored by professionals and ensure no unintentional exposure occurs during repairs or upgrades.
How often should mold inspections be conducted?
Inspections should happen annually and after any leaks or water damage. Early detection prevents costly repairs and keeps tenants safe.
What should landlords do to ensure proper ventilation in kitchens?
Install functioning exhaust fans and service them regularly. Prevent moisture buildup and maintain indoor air circulation to reduce health risks.
Conclusion: Prioritize Health to Protect Your Investment
Managing an aging rental property requires more than cosmetic upkeep — it demands a proactive approach to health and safety. Landlords must monitor and remediate hazards like lead paint, asbestos, mold, and poor ventilation to ensure tenant well-being and long-term asset value.
Beyond reducing legal exposure, these efforts foster trust and satisfaction among tenants. A healthy property is easier to rent, maintains higher value, and reflects positively on its owner. In the world of rentals, health-focused maintenance is no longer optional — it’s essential.
